[Editor], '[More] NEWS FROM OTHER JOURNALS', LIBRES v7n07 (March 1997) URL = http://hegel.lib.ncsu.edu/stacks/serials/libres/libres-v7n07-[editor]-more.txt.txt Archive LIBRE7N1, file journals. Part 1/1, total size 88684 bytes: ------------------------------ Cut here ------------------------------ LIBRES: Library and Information Science Research Electronic Journal ISSN 1058-6768 1997 Volume 7 Issue 7; March. Quarterly LIBRE7N1 JOURNALS ________________________________________________ NEWS FROM OTHER JOURNALS 1. Version 6 of the Scholarly Electronic Publishing Bibliography is now available. (posted: Date: Wed, 19 Mar 97 14:30:28 CST From: "Charles W. Bailey, Jr." ) HTML: Acrobat: Word: The HTML document is designed for interactive use. Each major section is a separate file. There are live links to sources available on the Internet. It is searchable. The Acrobat and Word files are designed for printing. Each file is over 150 KB. Table of Contents 1 Economic Issues 2 Electronic Books and Texts 2.1 Case Studies and History 2.2 General Works 2.3 Library Issues 2.4 Related Electronic Resources 3 Electronic Serials 3.1 Case Studies and History 3.2 Critiques 3.3 Electronic Distribution of Printed Journals 3.4 General Works 3.5 Library Issues 3.6 Related Electronic Resources 3.7 Research 4 General Works 4.1 Related Electronic Resources 5 Legal Issues 5.1 Intellectual Property Rights 5.2 Other Legal Issues 5.3 Related Electronic Resources 6 Library Issues 6.1 Cataloging, Classification, and Metadata 6.2 Digital Libraries 6.3 General Works 6.4 Information Conversion, Integrity, and Preservation 6.5 Related Electronic Resources 7 New Publishing Models 8 Publisher Issues 8.1 Related Electronic Resources Appendix A. Related Bibliographies by the Same Author Appendix B. About the Author Best Regards, Charles Charles W. Bailey, Jr., Assistant Dean for Systems, University Libraries, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-2091. E-mail: cbailey@uh.edu. Voice: (713) 743-9804. Fax: (713) 743-9811. ************************************************************************************** 2. Call for Contributions to a special issue of Interacting with Computers, (posted: Approved-By: JENNIFER.BATES@DLEP1.ITG.TI.COM Approved-By: johnson@DCS.GLA.AC.UK Date: Thu, 3 Oct 1996 09:47:29 +0100) HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION AND INFORMATION RETRIEVAL THE FOCUS Research in the field of HCI has begun to focus on the use of distributed information systems within large work groups. This has increased interest about previous studies into 'hypertext' navigation and structuring. There has also been a renewed interest in the delays and timing problems that arise when users access distributed and shared resources. Research in IR has begun to look beyond the simplistic evaluation criteria provided by precision and recall. This has led to a renewed interest in retrieval activities and patterns of use. This special edition will look at the common problems facing HCI and IR. In particular, we welcome papers that consider: -- novel interaction techniques for information retrieval; -- the evaluation of IR systems; -- conversational modelling of information retrieval tasks; -- understanding the nature of relevance; -- networked information retrieval; -- browsing based information retrieval (inc. hypermedia); -- multimedia information retrieval. In keeping with the interdisciplinary nature of Interacting with Computers, submissions are invited from any field, including, for example, science and technology studies, psychology, information studies, sociology, HCI, anthropology, and commercial software development. Please feel free to contact the guest editors if you require any further information about the topic of this special edition. SUBMISSION PROCEDURES Authors are asked to send full papers to the guest editor Chris Johnson at The University of Glasgow, no later than 30th January (see below). Further information on the journal, paper types and Guidance for Authors can be accessed via IwC's home page: http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/intcom The submission deadline for papers is 30 January 1997, with final revisions due 30 April. Qualified referees are invited to e-mail the guest editor an expression of interest, including current position, institutional affiliation, areas of expertise and contact details, by 1 December 1996. Referees whose offers to review are accepted will be sent IwC's Advice to Referees, which specifies procedures used and standards applied for all submissions to the Journal. Please note that IwC expects four-week turnaround of articles distributed for review. GUEST EDITOR CONTACT DETAILS Chris Johnson, Mark Dunlop, Glasgow Accident Analysis Group, Department of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science, The University of Glasgow, The University of Glasgow, Lillybank Gardens, Lillybank Gardens, Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ. G12 8QQ. This edition is a joint venture between the British HCI Group and the Information Retrieval Special Interest Group of the British Computer Society. ************************************************************************************** 3. Vol. 2 no. 2 of Information Research is now available at: http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/academic/I-M/is/lecturer/ircont.html or, if you like frames, at: http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/academic/I-M/is/lecturer/ircontf.html (posted: Date: Mon, 28 Oct 1996 10:11:46 +0100) This issue has three papers: Stemming and N-gram Matching For Term Conflation In Turkish Texts, by F. =C7una Ekmek=E7ioglu, Michael F. Lynch, and Peter Willett The Management Information Needs Of Academic Heads Of Department In Universities In The United Kingdom, by Brendan Loughridge. Developing Educational Hypermedia Applications: A Methodological Approach, by Jos=E9 Miguel Nunes and Susan P. Fowell Please post to other lists that may be interested. Professor Tom Wilson Head of Department of Information Studies University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K. Tel. +44-114-282-5081 Fax. +44-114-278-0300 Email: T.D.Wilson@Sheffield.ac.uk http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/academic/I-M/is/lecturer/tom1.html ************************************************************************************** 4. D-Lib Magazine. (various postings: Date: Thu, 31 Oct 1996 15:25:00 -0800) Subject: October issue of D-Lib Magazine now available! Date: Wednesday, October 30, 1996 8:47AM The October issue of D-Lib Magazine is now available at http://www.dlib.org; the UK Office for Library and Information Networking maintains a mirror site for D-Lib Magazine at: http://ukoln.ac.uk/dlib/dlib.html In addition to our usual mix of research stories and clips, this month we are pleased to include a guest editorial on the importance of computing as an opportunity to play and our first bilingual, English-German story on a digital library system based on Hyper-G. A summary of the contents page follows: Guest Editorial: Why computer modeling should become a popular hobby Kenneth D. Forbus, Northwestern University DogitaLS1: A Digital Library System Based on Hyper-G Klaus Tochtermann Texas A&M University Thomas Alders Dortmund University DogitaLS1: Ein digitales Bibliothekssystem auf der Basis von Hyper-G Digital Labels for Digital Libraries Robert Thibadeau Carnegie Mellon University Repository Interoperability Workshop: Towards a Repository Reference Model William L. Scherlis Carnegie Mellon University Digital Conversion of Research Library Materials: A Case for Full-Informational Capture Stephen Chapman Anne R. Kenney Cornell University Library D-Lib is produced by the Corporation for National Research Initiatives and sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on behalf of the NSF/DARPA/NASA Digital Libraries Initiative. Amy Friedlander, Editor, D-Lib Magazine *************** (posted: Date: Tue, 19 Nov 1996 10:17:00 -0800) The November issue of D-Lib Magazine is now available at http://www.dlib.org; the UK Office for Library and Information Networking maintains a mirror site for D-Lib Magazine at: http://ukoln.ac.uk/dlib/dlib.html In addition to our research stories (summarized below), we have short contributions from Thomas Baker, Gerry McKiernan, and Stephen Chapman and Anne Kenney on recent workshops and projects. CONTENTS W3C and Digital Libraries James S. Miller World Wide Web Consortium The New Zealand Digital Library Project Ian H. Witten, Sally Jo Cunningham, and Mark D. Apperley University of Waikato The Cigarette Papers : Issues in Publishing Materials in Multiple Formats Karen Butter, Robin Chandler, and John Kunze University of California, San Francisco How to Build a Digital Librarian Kirk Hastings and Roy Tennant The Library, University of California, Berkeley D-Lib Magazine is produced by the Corporation for National Research Initiatives and is sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on behalf of the NSF/DARPA/NASA Digital Libraries Initiative. William Y. Arms, Chair, D-Lib Amy Friedlander, Editor, D-Lib Magazine ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| R.E.B. Arnold, Editorial Assistant Corporation for National Research Initiatives 1895 Preston White Drive, Suite 100 Reston, VA 20191-5434 The Phone: (703) 620-8990 The Fax: (703) 758-5913 The Net: reba@cnri.reston.va.us The Web: http://www.cnri.reston.va.us The Web: http://www.dlib.org The Web: http://www.handle.net |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ******************* D-lib magazine - January (posted: Return-path: X-Sender: tony@xinfo.anu.edu.au Date: Thu, 16 Jan 1997 12:01:17 +1000) The January edition of D-lib magazine is now available from: http://sunsite.anu.edu.au/mirrors/dlib/ ...main articles being: * Clarifying Search: A User-Interface Framework for Text Searches by W. Bruce Croft and Ben Shneiderman * Ad-Hoc Classification of Electronic Clinical Documents by Fangfang Feng and David B. Aronow * Image Description on the Internet: A Summary of the CNI/OCLC Image Metadata Workshop by Stuart Weibel and Eric Miller * JSTOR: An IP Practitioner's Perspective by Sarah E. Sully ______________________________________________ Email : Tony.Barry@anu.edu.au Voice : +61 6 249 4632 Fax: +61 6 279 8120 Details : http://snazzy.anu.edu.au/People/TonyB.html Head, Center for Networked Access to Scholarly Information, Australian National University Library, A.C.T. 0200, AUSTRALIA. ************************************************************************************** 5. ERCIM News - Special Theme Issue on "Digital Libraries" (posted: Date: Wed, 30 Oct 1996 13:00:00 -0800) European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics (ERCIM) has published a special theme issue of the ERCIM News on "Digital Libraries". ERCIM News No. 27 - October 1996. http://www-ercim.inria.fr/publication/Ercim_News/en.html The ERCIM News is available in paper copy as well. An order form is available at the above location. ************************************************************************************** 6 ARL Announces: Transforming Libraries (fwd) (re-posted:) October 25, 1996 ARL Announces... ..OMS Introduces New Publication Series - Transforming Libraries The ARL Office of Management Services (OMS) Systems and Procedures Exchange Center has launched a new publication series, Transforming Libraries. This series will focus on how libraries are using technology to transform library services and operations. Each issue will address how institutions and individuals are pioneering in a particular subject and report on that area. The first issue of Transforming Libraries is Issues & Innovations in Electronic Reserves. George Soete, is the Transforming Libraries Editor, and for the electronic reserves issue, Jeff Rosedale, Head, Access and Technical Support, Lehman/Social Work Library at Columbia University, served as Editorial Advisor. Unlike other ARL/OMS publications, Transforming Libraries will take a reportorial approach to its topics, seeking out libraries that are trying new applications of technology and highlighting their experiences while they are still innovative. The Systems and Procedures Exchange Center (SPEC) will also develop a web based resource center to accompany each issue of Transforming Libraries. This important feature will allow continued learning on each topic. Each site will be managed by the Editorial Advisor, and will include additional documentation on the topic, updates, and links to related sites. Both print and electronic versions are designed to work in tandem to provide as much current information as possible about each subject. The evolution of electronic reserves systems in libraries epitomizes the triumph of technology over the barriers of time and space. This publication highlights some of the innovative measures being taken by libraries and product vendors in the area of electronic reserves. Reports on electronic reserves systems at pioneering institutions such as San Diego Sate University, Duke University Library, and Northwestern University Library are included. Showcased also, are collaborative efforts such a project with Marist College and IBM where a model electronic reserve system is under development. Additionally, issues associated with the development of electronic reserves systems are addressed: * Will the library continue to manage all electronic reserve operations? * What access restrictions will be implemented? * How will copyright be handled? * What will it cost? Transforming Libraries will be issued as a sub-series of the OMS SPEC Kit and will also be available for sale on an individual basis. OMS plans to publish four issues per year. Future topics under consideration for this series include: distance education, geographic information systems (GIS), and licensing electronic resources. The Office of Management Services has served the library community for over twenty-five years with programs and publications geared toward improving performance in library management. The Systems and Procedures Exchange Center was established in 1973 to identify expertise and encourage its exchange among library staff through and on-going survey and review process. Originally established as an information source for ARL member libraries, the SPEC program has grown to serve the needs of the library community world wide. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ For further information please contact: Laura Rounds OMS Program Officer for Information Services laura@cni.org ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Transforming Libraries: Issues & Innovations in Electronic Reserves 32pp. $28. ISSN 0160-3582. 1996 SPEC subscribers automatically receive copies of Transforming Libraries. Order Information is available from ARL publications (pubs@cni.org). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ARL-Announce | | ARL Announce is a no-fee electronic service from ARL that provides updates | on Association activities, member news, project updates, and other reports | of interest to those in the library and educational communities. | To Subscribe, send a message to . The text of your | message should read: "subscribe arl-announce [your name]. | | For additional information contact: | | Patricia Brennan patricia@cni.org | Information Services Coordinator 202/296-2296 phone | Association of Research Libraries 202/872-0884 fax | 21 Dupont Circle | Washington, DC 20036 ************************************************************************************** 7. Journal of Internet Cataloging (posted: Date: Sat, 2 Nov 1996 14:58:32 -0500 Sender: "STS-L (Science and Technology Section, ACRL)" ) News Items for _Journal of Internet Cataloging_ Recently, I was appointed the news column contributing editor for the _Journal of Internet Cataloging: The International Quarterly of Digital Organization, Classification, and Access_, a new Haworth journal co-edited by Ruth Carter, the University of Pittsburgh and Roger Brisson of Penn State University. The _Journal of Internet Cataloging_ (JIC) focuses on the organization, access, and bibliographic control of Internet resources. JIC views the cataloging and classification of Net/Web resources broadly, recognizing that the digital environment provides both opportunities for the use of traditional and conventional methods, and the development and application of novel approaches for digital management. The URL for JIC is: http://www.libraries.psu.edu/iasweb/personal/rob/jic/jic.htm For a forthcoming issue of the _Journal of Internet Cataloging_ (JIC), I am interested in profiling significant activities within the library community related to digital organization, classification and access. Among the categories of news items of particular interest are: * Abstracts or brief reports of on-going or unpublished research * Recent or future Web, Net or Digital meetings, conferences, symposia ; Call for Papers * Analysis or description of emerging technologies I would also appreciate any other items that individuals consider newsworthy for inclusion in this professional journal. As always, any and all suggestions, recommendations, or candidates will be very much appreciated. While news items are welcome any time, I'd very much appreciate receiving items for inclusion in the next issue of JIC by November 13 Regards, Gerry McKiernan Coordinator, Science and Technology Section Reference and Instructional Services Department Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 gerrymck@iastate.edu http://www.public.iastate.edu/~CYBERSTACKS/ "Save the Time of the User" ************************************************************************************** 8. New Review Journal (posted: Approved-By: lld@ITS.NLC-BNC.CA Date: Tue, 5 Nov 1996 23:52:19 -0500) ALTERNATIVES IN PRINT TASK FORCE COUNTERPOISE 1716 SW Williston Road Gainesville, FL 32608-4049 Telephone: 352 / 335-2200 E-mail: willett@afn.org FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE 4 November 1996 Contact: Charles Willett, co-coordinator, AIP Task Force, and editor, Counterpoise New Alternative Review Journal: Counterpoise In January 1997 the Alternatives in Print Task Force of the American Library Association's Social Responsibilities Round Table (SRRT) will publish the first issue of Counterpoise: For Social Responsibilities, Liberty and Dissent. As a counterbalance to corporate and governmental bias, this international journal will review significant works ignored or slighted by other review journals. English-language books, periodicals and non-print materials in all subjects published in 1995 or later worldwide are accepted. Twenty-one librarians and editors of alternative periodicals in the U.S.A., the UK, Australia and South Africa have volunteered unpaid as associate editors. Dozens of subject specialists are writing reviews. The founder and editor of Counterpoise is Charles Willett, who worked in acquisitions and collection development at university libraries for 17 years and then in bookselling, editing and publishing. Before becoming a librarian he fought in the Korean War and spent seven years in Europe with the U.S. Foreign Service. A past president of the ACLU of Florida, he has organized and staffed a booth at every ALA conference since 1991 to market alternative materials. Not easy to define, the alternative press (which the Library of Congress still calls the "underground press") is a subset of the small press (which LC calls the "little press"). One criterion is that the publisher be noncommercial, more concerned with communicating ideas than making money. A title reviewed in Counterpoise may take any form: poetry or prose, magazine or book, video or zine. Its quality must set it apart. Somehow it should develop a sense of human rights and liberties, or oppose authoritarian values, or promote social responsibility. Forthright works from commercial and university presses can be alternative. The content is what matters, not the package. Counterpoise is supported by a small allocation from the Social Responsibilities Round Table and by donations, subscriptions and advertising. It is subject to copyright by the American Library Association but may be photocopied for noncommercial educational or scientific advancement. Publishers: Send two copies of each review title. Subscriptions: Published quarterly. USA: Institutions: $35/year. Individuals: $25/year. Students, retired people: $15/year. FOREIGN: Surface mail: add $5/year. Airmail: add $15/year. Prepayment in full (U.S. dollars drawn on a U.S. bank, or international postal money order). Editorial and business office: 1716 SW Williston Road, Gainesville, FL 32608-4049 U.S.A. Al Kagan Africana Unit 328 Library University of Illinois Urbana, IL 61801, USA tel. 217-333-6519 fax. 217-333-2214 akagan@uiuc.edu ************************************************************************************** 9 InterNIC News, Vol.1 Issue 8, Nov 1996 (posted: Date: Thu, 7 Nov 1996 14:07:35 -0600) The November issue of InterNIC News is available at the URL: http://rs.internic.net/nic-support/nicnews In this issue we include a look at root name server statistics, including sustained query rate and query types ("What's In A Name?" column). InterNIC News November 1996 Volume 1, Issue 8 * Calendar of Events * From the Editor * Examining the Future, Clebrating the Past: EDUCOM '96 * Net-Day '96: Connecting Schools to the Internet * Netiquette 101 * What's in a Name A Graphical Look at Registration Information * End-User's Corner The Internet: Window to the World or Hall of Mirrors? * The 15 Minute Series - UPDATE For the latest modules, feedback, and FAQs on the 15 Minute Series * Performance Measures InterNIC Statistics for August and September 1996 Regards, Robin Murphy Assistant NIC Liaison InterNIC robinm@internic.net +1 703 736 0177 ************************************************************************************* 10 JASIS (posted: Date: Thu, 14 Nov 1996 16:55:01 -0500) Journal of the American Society for Information Science (JASIS) VOLUME 47, NUMBER 12; DECEMBER 1996 IN THIS ISSUE Bert R. Boyce 885 RESEARCH Bibliocryptography A. Bookstein Records of circulation history have obvious value for research and management and retrieval effectiveness. Bookstein shows that information on usage counts and linkages between patrons and items can be retained and utilized while maintaining confidentiality. If one links the patron ID file with the historical use data by using a transforming function which computes easily from patron to circulation data, but not easily from use data to patron identity, some degree of security is maintained. A retrieval system based on circulation data would be required to return those other items checked out by the patrons who had checked out some percentage of the items on a query list. Both direct matching and a weighted vector model are analyzed to show that efficiency and patron privacy can both be maintained. 886 Labeled, Typed Links as Cues when Reading Hypertext Documents Lisa Baron, Jean Tague-Sutcliffe, Mark T. Kinnucan, and Tom Carey A hypertext link may be organizational in the sense that its purpose is to indicate the structure of the document as organized for presentation. Baron, Tague-Sutcliffe, Kinnucan, and Carey test three classes of other than organizational links. Semantic links represent associations among words. Rhetorical links are used to create a path which will convince or educate a reader. Pragmatic links express a relation between a text and its possible use. Subjects in a browsing task were tested on content assimilation, and surveyed as to attitude toward the system. In the querying task subjects were asked a series of data specific questions using the system while accuracy, time and number of screens viewed were recorded. Labeling reduced the use of semantic links but had little effect on the use of rhetoric or pragmatic links. No significant learning change was indicated by the use of labels in the browsing task. Labels lead to significantly higher scores in the querying task. Attitudes did not vary in the browsing task, and overall impressions did not vary in the querying task. However, participants without labels found it more difficult to move between topics, and those with labels felt more comfortable moving sequentially through the file than did those without, even though they did not use this technique more than others. 896 Experiments with a Stemming Algorithm for Malay Words Fatimah Ahmad, Mohammed Yusoff, and Tengku M. T. Sembok Past work on stemming algorithms has concentrated on the removal of suffixes. Ahmad, Yusoff, and Sembok point out that in languages like Malay or Arabic variant formation depends on prefixes as well as suffixes. Othman's algorithm uses 121 morphological rules and a large Malay dictionary which is a necessary supplement to avoid high error rates in stemming Malay words. After increasing the number of rules in the set to 432 (or 561 for modern derivatives), both an initial dictionary scan and the use of prefix rules improve stemming performance. 909 The Effectiveness of the Electronic City Metaphor for Organizing the Menus of Free-Nets Elaine G. Toms and Mark T. Kinnucan In free-nets community resources are often accessed via a menu using the names of fictitious buildings as entry points. Predicting that a everyday language menu would be easier for the average user, Toms and Kinnucan test this sort of menu against an electronic city metaphor menu. The number of top level menu choices was significantly lower (better) for the nonmetaphor menu and this group showed significantly improved results in the second test. The nonmetaphor group also improved in terms of number of correct answers in the second test. No significant time differences were apparent. In response to preference questions over 90% found the nonmetaphor menu easier to understand. 919 The Modern Language Association: Electronic and Paper Surveys of Computer-Based Tool Use Debora Shaw and Charles H. Davis The Shaw and Davis survey indicates that the members of the Modern Language Association are rapidly increasing their use of computer based productivity tools. They are likely to have personal computers in their homes, if not in their workplace, and to be users of word processing software, electronic mail and remote access searching of bibliographic databases and catalogs. The sample was equally divided between a paper and electronic mail survey. There are significant differences in several of the responses of the two subgroups indicating that reliance solely on electronic survey instruments may be misleading. 932 The Contributions of Organizational Science to the Development of Decision Support Systems Research Subspecialties Sean B. Eom and Roy S. Farris Using three previous bibliographies of the Decision Support System literature, a database of citing papers was assembled by Eom and Farris. An author cocitation matrix was then constructed and a factor analysis yielded nine factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 and accounting for 85% of the variance. A clustering procedure gave additional input for interpretation, and Multidimensional Scaling provides a picture of the relative position of author clusters to one another. 941 BOOK REVIEWS The Internet Compendium: Subject Guides to Health and Science Resources, by Louis Rosenfeld, Joseph Janes, and Martha Vander Kolk J. R. Jackson 953 Computerization and Controversy: Value Conflicts and Social Choices (2nd Ed.), edited by Rob Kling Thomas A. Peters 953 Educational Services in Health Sciences Libraries. Volume 2: Current Practice in Health Sciences Librarianship, edited by Francesca Allegri Linda S. Bixler 955 AUTHOR INDEX 961 SUBJECT INDEX 965 VOLUME CONTENTS Richard Hill Executive Director, American Society for Information Science 8720 Georgia Avenue, Suite 501 Silver Spring, MD 20910 FAX: (301) 495-0810 Voice: (301) 495-0900 rhill@cni.org http://www.asis.org ********************** JASIS February TOC (posted: Date: Wed, 22 Jan 1997 09:55:34 -0500) JASIS (Journal of the American Society for Information Science) VOLUME 48 NUMBER 2 FEBRUARY 1997 CONTENTS IN THIS ISSUE Bert R. Boyce 95 RESEARCH Extending Theory for User-Centered Information Services: Diagnosing and Learning from Error in Complex Statistical Data Alice Robbin and Lee Frost-Kumpf 96 According to Robbin and Frost-Kumpf, data production and utilization are best understood as social processes. Error is socially produced in data production and use and will always be present to some degree. Information can be organized to inform the researcher on how to avoid error. To design modern information systems that will reduce error, each system should incorporate a permanent repository of conversations about error. Systems should include their rules for data production and use and use prototyping. Integrating Structured Data and Text: A Relational Approach David A. Grossman, Ophir Frieder, David O. Holmes, and David C. Roberts 122 Grossman et al. demonstrate that standard relational database software can be used for information retrieval purposes where unstructured text and structured fields may be mixed in SQL queries to provide Boolean, proximity, and weighted ranked searches. By using only the least frequently occurring terms across the collection in queries by sorting and taking a controlled percentage of the original query set, performance is improved. The SQL server outperforms Lotus Notes below a 50% query term reduction threshold. The storage size required for the SQL server files is considerably larger. Evaluation of Search Results: A New Approach Vladimir G. Voiskunskii 133 Voiskunskii believes that no single value measure is justified pragmatically for the evaluation of search results in all circumstances. Practically we see that the square root of the product of precision and recall is an acceptable measure for contemporary retrieval systems. The use of the easily obtained square of the number of relevant documents in the retrieved set divided by the number of the documents in the retrieved set provides an adequate substitute in the sense that, with both measures, the order of the rankings is unaffected by the number of relevant documents. Comparing Boolean and Probabilistic Information Retrieval Systems across Queries and Disciplines Robert M. Losee 143 A general model for performance prediction of Boolean and Probabilistic retrieval systems is presented by Losee which could suggest the most likely search system in a situation where choices are available. The model indicates that accounting for term dependence, rather than assuming independence, will positively affect performance. Situations based upon individual and joint term probabilities can produce an indication of which Boolean operator would be most effective and whether a Probabilistic search might improve performance. A Graphical, Self-Organizing Approach to Classifying Electronic Meeting Output Richard E. Orwig, Hsinchun Chen, and Jay F. Nunamaker, Jr. 157 Kohonen's Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is a neural network where random number mapping nodes are compared with input nodes to identify the smallest Euclidean distance between the mapping and input vectors. Orwig, Chen, and Nunamaker adjust the smallest distance vector to reduce the distance to all neighboring nodes, and repeat the process until the input nodes are exhausted and a clustering has taken place. Training inputs were used to form classes that then group the messages in an electronic meeting system where group members exchange ideas in order to address a problem. The method organizes more quickly than would a human facilitator, but less so than a Hopfield algorithm. No significant difference was found in recall performance, but the human facilitator list outperformed the Kohonen list in precision. Both human and Kohonen outscored Hopfield on term association capability. Considering the reduced time and effort using Kohonen, it appears as a viable option. Science-Technology Coupling: The Case of Mathematical Logic and Computer Science Roland Wagner-Dvbler 171 Wagner-Dvbler compared a bibliography of mathematical logic from 1874 to 1990 with references from the first 37 volumes of the Journal of the ACM. Over 15% of the references were present. One hundred papers in the JACM were also in the bibliography indicating the presence of hybrid scholars. The logic code from Mathematical Reviews occurs most often on the same document as computer science. A considerable time lag (over 48 years) occurs between publication in the logic literature and citation in the JACM. BRIEF COMMUNICATION Describing Technological Paradigm Transitions: A Methodological Exploration Danny P. Wallace and Connie Van Fleet 184 Wallace and Van Fleet have finally provided a clear explanation of what is meant by nonquantitative research, and a description of a methodology for those who find historical and ethnographic methods as overly restrictive as those endorsed a century ago by a researcher whose notoriety without doubt is due to his unreasonable views on methodology. ``When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot measure it, when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meager and unsatisfactory kind; it may be the beginning of knowledge, but you have scarcely, in your thoughts, advanced to the stage of science, whatever the matter may be''--Lord Kelvin, Popular Lectures and Addresses (1889---1894) Vol. 1, p. 73. The Sessio Taurino is a method for the rest of us. Cover: Top: Rolodex index cards, a more primitive (however handy) form of data storage and retrieval. Bottom: Art Resource, NY. Scroll showing the family tree of Scottish kings and queens and their descendants. 14th century British Library, London, UK. A ``tree'' is used as a metaphor for seeking information. Who came first and who is related to whom--the tree takes us backward and forward in time.--Adrienne Weiss, Designer Richard Hill Executive Director, American Society for Information Science 8720 Georgia Avenue, Suite 501 Silver Spring, MD 20910 FAX: (301) 495-0810 Voice: (301) 495-0900 rhill@asis.org http://www.asis.org *********************** JASIS March Table of Contents (posted: Approved-By: JENNIFER.BATES@DLEP1.ITG.TI.COM Date: Tue, 25 Feb 1997 08:26:49 -0500) Journal of the American Society for Information Science JASIS VOLUME 48 NUMBER 3 MARCH 1997 CONTENTS IN THIS ISSUE Bert R. Boyce 189 RESEARCH Supporting Discovery in Virtual Libraries Bipin C. Desai 190 Desai's work is a description of a problem and the outline of a solution that will be of interest to serious Internet users. Fragmented, incomplete, and less than compatible indexing tools for the Internet argue for a holistic approach to information discovery on the emerging information infrastructure. Current index generation systems are either manual, robot generated, or some combination of the two, and lead to highly variable results with the only consistency being a high number of items missed. Data Set Isolation for Bibliometric Online Analyses of Research Publications: Fundamental Methodological Issues Peter Ingwersen and Finn Hjortgaard Christensen 205 The metadata required for an adequate discovery system on the Internet include a standard index structure with standardized definitions and a facility for revision as sources change over time. A standard, easy-to-use software facility for information providers should allow provision of the needed information to distributed and replicated database servers. The Dublin Metadata Element List, DMEL, is described, and a graphical user interface for its application is suggested. Ingwersen and Christensen point out that for comprehensive bibliometric studies using online databases, cross file searching, database clustering, and duplicate removal are required features. It must also be possible to tune the retrieved set. The changing of the order of the files in the duplicate removal process will result in a different distribution of retained documents across the databases. One would desire to retain the most documents in files that had the desired searchable features (fields, search term breadth, phrase, or word by word indexing in the fields of interest, or name authority control). This likely means forming all overlap sets and examining them for desired characteristics prior to any ranking analysis. End-User Searching Behavior in Information Retrieval: A Longitudinal Study Weijing Yuan 218 Weijing Yuan investigates the effect of experience on the detailed use of search system protocols by law students using QUICKLAW over a period of 12 months. Mean number of commands and features used increased with experience. Use of phrases increased with experience, use of Boolean operators decreased as did the use of invalid commands. Search speed and use of field qualification seems to increase with experience. Attitude toward the system is unchanged with experience. No other pattern of change was detected. Dictionary and saved set features were rarely used. Confirming the useable terminology was uncommon, and building block strategies were rarely used. Truncation was used, but other word features were not. Large amounts of time were spent browsing and viewing results. Ranking Schemes in Hybrid Boolean Systems: A New Approach Jacques Savoy 235 Using average precision values over standard recall points, Savoy investigates the improvements that can be made by processing the retrieved set from a Boolean search using existing other than Boolean retrieval models to rank these results. There appear to be meaningful improvements, and in the process a good review of current retrieval models is provided. A Discipline Independent Definition of Information Robert M. Losee 254 Losee presents a general definition of information as being the values currently attached to characteristics in the output of a process. The output of a process is information about that process and its inputs and only in that context. The thought is that layers of communication processes occur, and that they accept input from other layers and produce output for other layers in a process called representation. Processes may be studied at any level, but movement between layers may result in lost information. The conceptual framework would appear to allow consideration of most existing ideas about information and could provide a commonality of approach. BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS Decision Support for Serials Deselection and Acquisition: A Case Study David J. Robb and Angela McCormick 270 Robb and McCormick report a classic journal deselection project based on cost benefit analysis. Benefit is defined by a weighted sum of use, relevance, and availability factors collected locally. Of 670 journals, 206 were deselected but no study of faculty satisfaction is reported. Citation Content Analysis of a Botany Journal M. H. MacRoberts and B. R. MacRoberts 274 Replicating their earlier work in a journal on genetics which indicated that only 30% of influences evident in text are reflected in a paper's references, the text of an issue of Sida was studied by the MacRoberts to extract influences of previous work evident therein. Influences they judged present in the text appeared in the references only 29% of the time. BOOK REVIEWS Electronic Publishing and Libraries. Planning for the Impact and Growth to 2003, by David J. Brown Mary E. Brown 276 Civilizing Cyberspace: Policy, Power, and the Information Superhighway, by Steven E. Miller Donald Case 278 The Scholar's Courtesy: The Role of Acknowledgement in the Primary Communication Process, by Blaise Cronin Betsy Van der Veer Martens 279 Digital Image and Audio Communications: Toward a Global Information Infrastructure, by Stanley N. Baron and Mark I. Krivocheev Ruth Wuest 280 Design of Library Automation Systems: File Structure, Data Structures, and Tools, by Michael D. Cooper Carol A. Hert 281 Explorations in Indexing and Abstracting: Pointing, Virtue, and Power, by Brian C. O'Connor Frank Exner, Little Bear 282 Cover: Is a column of text at all like an architectural column? Is the phone book like a map broken up into names and numbers instead of shapes and colors? What does form tell us about information--Adrienne Weiss, Designer Richard Hill Executive Director, American Society for Information Science 8720 Georgia Avenue, Suite 501 Silver Spring, MD 20910 FAX: (301) 495-0810 Voice: (301) 495-0900 rhill@asis.org http://www.asis.org ********************* JASIS TOC, April (posted: Approved-By: MILLARJ@LIB.MUOHIO.EDU Date: Wed, 12 Mar 1997 15:57:29 -0500) VOLUME 48 NUMBER 4 APRIL 1997 CONTENTS SPECIAL TOPIC ISSUE: HISTORY OF DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE: PART I GUEST EDITORS: MICHAEL BUCKLAND AND TRUDI BELLARDO HAHN INTRODUCTION Michael Buckland and Trudi Bellardo Hahn 285 PAUL OTLET AND HIS SUCCESSORS The Origins of Information Science and the International Institute of Bibliography/International Federation for Information and Documentation (FID) W. Boyd Rayward 289 P. Otlet's Mundaneum and the International Perspective in the History of Documentation and Information Science Isabelle Rieusset-Lemarii 301 Paul Otlet's Book and the Writing of Social Space Ron Day 310 DEVELOPMENT OF PARTICULAR TECHNIQUES The Earliest Hebrew Citation Indexes Bella Hass Weinberg 318 The Universal Decimal Classification: Some Factors Concerning Its Origins, Development, and Influence I. C. McIlwaine 331 Origins of Coordinate Searching Frederick G. Kilgour 340 Chemical Abstracts Service Chemical Registry System: History, Scope, and Impacts David W. Weisgerber 349 LITERATURE Journal of Documentary Reproduction, 1938---1942: Domain as Reflected in Characteristics of Authorship and Citation Thomas D. Walker 361 History of Information Science in Spain: A Selected Bibliography Filix Sagredo Fernandez and Antonia Garcma Moreno 369 Bibliography of the History of Information Science in North America, 1900---1995 Robert V. Williams, Laird Whitmire, and Colleen Bradley 373 Cover: A cornucopia from the history of Information Science: Stonchenge, Rolodex cards, old fashioned pen and paper scribbles, ``high'' tech visualization graphics. 9th Century Manuscript, Biblioteca Nazionale, Turin, Italy. Decretum di Graziano, Vatican Museum, Rome, Italy. (Manuscripts courtesy of Art Resource, N.Y.)--Adrienne Weiss, Designer Richard Hill Executive Director, American Society for Information Science 8720 Georgia Avenue, Suite 501 Silver Spring, MD 20910 FAX: (301) 495-0810 Voice: (301) 495-0900 rhill@asis.org http://www.asis.org ****************** ************************************************************************************** 11 The Information Society 12(3) ToC (posted: Approved-By: JENNIFER.BATES@DLEP1.ITG.TI.COM Date: Fri, 14 Feb 1997 19:03:45 -0500) The Information Society Letter from Rob Kling Editor-in-Chief For TIS Issue 12(3) This issue of The Information Society, 12(3), include articles about NII policies in Taiwan and the cultural construction of NII developments in Japan. It also includes an article that focusss on the social conditions under which people elect not to have home telephones. Associate Editor Mark Poster has organized a Forum that examines the controversial position paper, "Cyberspace and the American Dream: A Magna Carta for the Knowledge Age" by Esther Dyson, George Gilder, George Keyworth, and Alvin Toffler (http://www.pff.org/position.html). The issue opens with Joel West s "Utopianism and National Competitiveness in Technology Rhetoric: The Case of Japan s Information Infrastructure." He notes that technological utopianism and national competitiveness are two common rhetorics that inform technology policy in developed nations. Both are strategies that can and have been used to sell technology policies to the government, industry and public at large. He examines the role of these rhetorics in shaping the emergence of the "multimedia"/information infrastructure boomlet in Japan in the mid 1990 s, and in the context of the country s history and institutions. The phrase J h -Ka - usually translated as "informatization" and denoting a change to an information-oriented society (j h shakai) -- has been a slogan of Japanese government policy for more than two decades. It is generally associated with two threads - the abstract concept of Japan as an information society, and a shift in government industrial policy away from heavy industries in the late 1960 s and early 1970 s. West argues that Japan s recent NII efforts blossomed not because of a maturation of the earlier j h shakai vision, but as a direct reaction to highly publiczed 1993 U.S. plans for "information superhighways." The second article for this isssue examines Taiwan's information technology industry ("Entrepreneurship, Flexibility and Policy Coordination: Taiwan's Information Technology Industry," by Kenneth L. Kraemer, Jason Dedrick, Chin- Yeong Hwang, Tze-Chen Tu and Chee-Sing Yap.) In just fifteen years, Taiwan has emerged as a leading producer of hardware for nearly every major computer vendor in the world, despite little previous experience in high-technology industries. By 1995, Taiwan ranked fourth in the world in computer hardware production and exports through its strategy of being a fast follower. Kraemer and his colleagues examine how Taiwan's success in the computer industry has been due to a coordinated government strategy to support private entrepreneurship by a large number of small, flexible, innovative companies. They believe that Taiwan's computer companies have responded rapidly and effectively to continuing changes in the international market and avoided many of the problems encountered by their counterparts in Japan and South Korea in recent years by emphasizing close supplier relationships with multinational computer companies all over the world. They also examine the role of government agencies in collecting and disseminating market intelligence. They suggest that Taiwan is Asia's best positioned country for continued success in the global computer industry. In the third article, Milton Mueller and Jorge Schement report why some (poor) people avoid having telephones at home, even when they have other information services, such as cable TV. Mueller and Schement's findings are especially important in assessments of "basic communications services" and "universal access" since their data counter the conventional assumptions that people acquire telephone services before the subscribe to cable television, and which, in turn, is more basic than computer networking. This issue also includes a Forum, organized by TIS's Associate Editor Mark Poster, that examines the regulation of commerce on the Internet. The Forum includes the controversial position paper, "Cyberspace and the American Dream: A Magna Carta for the Knowledge Age" that was published on-line by Esther Dyson, George Gilder, George Keyworth, and Alvin Toffler in August 1994 (http://www.pff.org/position.html). "The dominant form of new knowledge in the Third Wave is perishable, transient, customized knowledge: The right information, combined with the right software and presentation, at precisely the right time. Unlike the mass knowledge of the Second Wave -- "public good" knowledge that was useful to everyone because most people's information needs were standardized -- Third Wave customized knowledge is by nature a private good .... If this analysis is correct, copyright and patent protection of knowledge (or at least many forms of it) may no longer be unnecessary. In fact, the marketplace may already be creating vehicles to compensate creators of customized knowledge outside the cumbersome copyright/patent process, And all of those confront a set of constituencies made frightened and defensive by their mainly Second Wave habits and locales: Command-and-control regulators, elected officials, political opinion-molders, philosophers mired in materialism, traditional interest groups, some broadcasters and newspapers -- and every major institution (including corporations) that believes its future is best served by preserving the past. TIS 12(3) concludes with reviews of five books: Democracy and Technology, by Richard Sclove. Reviewed by Steven K. Wyman; The Future Does Not Compute: Transcending the Machines in our Midst, by Stephen L. Talbott. Three reviews by Kevin Hunt, James Dalziel and William Bainbridge; Information Superhighways: Multimedia Users and Futures edited by S.J. Emmott. Reviewed by Andrew Dillon; City of Bits: Space Place and the Infobahn," by William Mitchell. Reviewed by Linda Wall; Resisting the Virtual Life," edited by James Brooks and Ian Boal. Reviewed by Karen Ruhleder: A description of the next issues 12(4) and 13(1) are posted on TIS's web page: (see http://www.slis.indiana.edu/TIS). Issue of The Information Society, 12(4), includes articles about electronic media and universities, the politics of computer networking, privacy in telephone listings, and regional plans for major information infrastructure initiatives, as well as a Forum and two book reviews. Issue 13(1) of The Information Society, 13(1) focusses on electronic commerce. ================== TABLE of CONTENTS: The Information Society 12(3) Letter from the Editor-in-Chief "Utopianism and National Competitiveness in Technology Rhetoric: The Case of Japan s Information Infrastructure," by Joel West "Entrepreneurship, Flexibility and Policy Coordination: Taiwan's Information Technology Industry," by Kenneth L. Kraemer, Jason Dedrick, Chin- Yeong Hwang, Tze-Chen Tu and Chee-Sing Yap "Universal Service from the Bottom Up: A study of telephone penetration in Camden, New Jersey," by Milton Mueller and Jorge Reina Schement "Controlling Access: Demographic Characteristics of Unlisted/Nonpublished Subscribers," by James E. Katz "American hegemony in packaged software trade and the "culture of software," by Erran Carmel Forum on the Magna Carta "Introduction," by Mark Poster "Cyberspace and the American Dream: A Magna Carta for the Knowledge Age," by Esther Dyson, George Gilder, George Keyworth and Alvin Toffler Cybercowboys on the New Frontier: Freedom, Nationalism, and Imperialism in the Postmodern Era," by John Carlos Rowe "Cyberspace Inc. and the Robber Baron Age: An Analysis of PFF s "Magna Carta," by Richard Moore Book Reviews: Reviewed by Kevin Hunt: "The Future Does Not Compute: Transcending the Machines in our Midst," by Stephen L. Talbott. Reviewed by James Dalziel: "The Future Does Not Compute: Transcending the Machines in our Midst," by Stephen L. Talbott. Reviewed by William Bainbridge: "The Future Does Not Compute: Transcending the Machines in our Midst," by Stephen L. Talbott. Reviewed by Steven K. Wyman: "Democracy and Technology, " by Richard Sclove. Reviewed by Andrew Dillon: "Information Superhighways: Multimedia Users and Futures," edited by S.J. Emmott. Reviewed by Karen Ruhleder: "Resisting the Virtual Life," edited by James Brooks and Ian Boal. Reviewed by Linda Wall: "City of Bits: Space Place and the Infobahn," by William Mitchell ---- Rob Kling http://php.ucs.indiana.edu/~kling The Information Society (journal) http://www.slis.indiana.edu/TIS Center for Social Informatics http://www.slis.indiana.edu/CSI Indiana University 10th & Jordan, Room 005C Bloomington, IN 47405-1801 812-855-9763 // Fax: 855-6166 Read & contribute to the .... Social Informatics Home Page --> http://www.slis.indiana.edu/SI a resource about research, teaching, conferences & journals ***************** The Information Society 12(4) ToC (posted: Date: Wed, 26 Mar 1997 20:28:20 -0500) The Information Society Letter from Rob Kling Editor-in-Chief For TIS Issue 12(4) (Oct-Dec, 1996) This issue of The Information Society, 12(4), includes articles about electronic media and universities, the politics of computer networking, privacy in telephone listings, and regional plans for major information infrastructure initiatives, as well as a Forum and two book reviews. The issue opens with "The Virtual College: Computer-Mediated Communication and Scientific Work," by John Walsh and Todd Bayma. Walsh and Bayma interviewed 67 mathematicians, physicists, chemists and biologists to learn about the roles of CMC in their research. They report evidence that CMC supports important scientific collaborations, helps establish new collaborations, and helps scientists who are in less central positions to maintain more effective collaborations when they have access to CMC. In addition they note important variations in the ways that scientists collaborate in different disciplines. The word "collaboration" invokes images of pleasant cooperation, although some collaborations are periodically stormy. One of my colleagues reports that his most stimulating co-author and he periodically slammed doors at each other when they were working together. Bryan Pfaffenberger reports about similarly stormy complications of large scale collaboration when effort of hundreds of system designers and administrators to develop and maintain a major set of network services -- the Usenet newsgroups. In "If I Want it, It s OK: Usenet and the (Outer) Limits of Free Speech," Pfaffenberger examines some pivotal events in Usenet's history -- from a small technically focussed discussion group in 1979 to a service that now connects about 7 million people though 20,000 topical discussion groups. Usenet's initiators and maintainers have created a libertarian culture of almost-anything-goes free speech. But there were periodic and often hostile disputes about the limits of free speech on-line. Pfaffenberger reports these stormy controversies in which two computerization movements struggled for control of Usenet's guiding policies via debates in an electronic medium. In addition to vividly reporting an important social history of "the net," Pfaffenberger also uses Usenet's history to critique a major theoretical position about the social construction of technologies. Advocates of free speech policies for Usenet often anchored their arguments in their beliefs about the roles of speech in political democracies. In "Engendering Democratic Participation via the Net," Nancy Kurland and Terri Egan examine five assumptions that undergird the claim that electronic forums will enhance democratic participation. They show how increased democratic participation on computer networks rests on three fundamental characteristics: equal access of stakeholders to leaders and government, voice with respect to policy creation and implementation, and repeated, reflective exchange or dialogue in exploring social concerns. They argue that educational, economic, and cultural barriers to access, voice, and dialogue must be overcome for electronic forums to effectively facilitate democratic participation. Their article advances our understanding about the ways that social structures on-line and off-line play pivotal roles in influencing the possibility of electronic forums serving as democratizing media. Many people are interested in using telephones to give them a voice in their daily lives, but also want to limit who has access to them. In "Controlling Access" James Katz examines the demographic characteristics of people who subscribe to unlisted/nonpublished telephone services in the United States. In one of the few studies with national samples, he examines a wide variety of demographic characteristics, including those that many believe would be most characteristic of having an unlisted telephone number, such as being female or having a high income. In contrast, he finds that being an African-American, not owning a home, metropolitan residence, lower income, lower education and living in a multifamily dwelling are the strongest correlates, in order of importance, of having an unlisted telephone number. Katz discusses the social aspects of subscribing to these services and proposes some new services that have similar social properties without the rigidities of unlisting numbers. Since the late 1980s some regional U.S. telephone companies have been seeking reduced regulation in exchange for enhancing a region's telecommunications infrastructure. In "Regulatory Reform and the Promise of New Telecommunications Infrastructure in New Jersey" Jan Youtie and William Read examine the politics of a particular plan -- Opportunity New Jersey -- to deploy advanced telecommunications to all homes and businesses in that state in 20 years. Youtie and Read examine the evidence marshalled by the plan's promoters in light of a larger corpus of evidence about the state's economy, business relocation decisions, the complexities of distance learning, and the program's likely costs. They contend that the evidence supporting the plan was very weak, and that it was enacted into law based on its ideological appeals rather than the evidentiary basis. Further, they argue that it will take over 20 years to effectively understand whether Opportunity New Jersey was an opportunity worth making. This issue's Forum section includes three short articles. In "Short-term Memories: A Death in the Information Age," Professor Van Korenegay reports about giving a deceased colleague's written work to his widow. This poignant moment served as an opportunity for meditating on what traces people leave behind in an era when their notes, books, and articles can be passed along on a few diskettes. In 1995, economist Eli Noam published an article in Science about the ways that computer networking would soon erode place-based universities and replace them with electronic equivalents. Noam's article, "Electronics and the Dim Future of the University" was photocopied and rapidly spread from mailbox to mailbox. Those academics who cherished place-based universities and others who were comparably passionate about virtual universities used the article to alert their colleagues and raise their consciousness. In "The End of the University" Majid Tehranian criticizes Noam for ignoring five major social roles of universities. He argues that virtual universities cannot effectively replace all of these social roles. Tehranian does not simply defend the status quo; he also recommends that universities revitalize themselves by better preparing students for lifelong learning and to play a more systematic role in the education of mid-career professionals and social leaders. In the last forum article, "The Demise of Meaning-Making and Social Agency as Critical Concepts in the Rhetoric of an Information Age," Suzanne Iacono criticizes an intellectual shift in the concepts used to characterize social life in this era. She observes that "we develop theory and design new technologies as if organizational groups were closed systems primarily intent on becoming more efficient and effective information processors rather than highlighting their roles as actors engaged in struggle over the production of meaning with other groups within and across their institutions." In this short essay she offers some vivid illustrations to show how modeling groups first and foremost as information processors misses the central or critical element of how groups come to take on social identities and enact meaning in their environments. TIS 12(4) concludes with reviews of two books: "In Search of the Virtual Class: Education in an Information Society," by J. Tiffin and L. Rajasingham. (Reviewed by Deborah Sprague.) "The Dynamics of Service: Reflections on the Changing Nature of Customer/Provider Interactions," by Barbara Gutek. (Reviewed by George Ritzer.) TIS 13(1) will be a special issue on Electronic Commerce and was edited by Rolf Wigand of Syracuse University. Description of subsequent issues will be posted on TIS's new Indiana University web page as they jell (see http://www.slis.indiana.edu/TIS). I am pleased to welcome two strong scholars to TIS's editorial board: Dr. James Katz of Bellcore and Professor George Trubow of the John Marshall Law School. In addition, Ms. Anna Martinson and Ms. Dorothy Day have become TIS's book review editors. I appreciate the help of TIS's previous book review editors, Mr. Wayne Lutters and Dr. Lisa Covi in significantly increasing the number of books that we review each year tenfold! As part of TIS's move with me to Indiana University, Ms. Carolyn Cheung has retired from TIS after doing a superb job as managing editor and Mr. Kevin Bishop is now playing that role here. ================ TABLE of CONTENTS: The Information Society 12(4) Letter from the Editor-in-Chief "The Virtual College: Computer-Mediated Communication and Scientific Work," by John Walsh and Todd Bayma. "If I Want it, It s OK: Usenet and the (Outer) Limits of Free Speech," by Bryan Pfaffenberger "Engendering Democratic Participation via the Net: Access, Voice and Dialogue," by Nancy Kurland and Terri Egan "Controlling Access: Demographic Characteristics of Unlisted/Nonpublished Subscribers," by James E. Katz. "Regulatory Reform and the Promise of New Telecommunications Infrastructure in New Jersey" by Jan L. Youtie and William Read Forum "Short-term memories: A death in the Information Age," by Van Korenegay "The End of University," by Majid Tehranian "The Demise of Meaning-Making and Social Agency as Critical Concepts in the Rhetoric of an Information Age," by Suzanne Iacono Book Reviews: Reviewed by Deborah Sprague. "In Search of the Virtual Class: Education in an Information Society," by J. Tiffin and L. Rajasingham. Reviewed by George Ritzer. "The Dynamics of Service: Reflections on the Changing Nature of Customer/Provider Interactions," by Barbara Gutek. ---- Rob Kling http://php.ucs.indiana.edu/~kling The Information Society (journal) http://www.slis.indiana.edu/TIS Center for Social Informatics http://www.slis.indiana.edu/CSI Indiana University 10th & Jordan, Room 005C Bloomington, IN 47405-1801 812-855-9763 // Fax: 855-6166 Read & contribute to the .... Social Informatics Home Page --> http://www.slis.indiana.edu/SI a resource about research, teaching, conferences & journals ************************************************************************************** 12. Current Cites, Feb. 1997 (posted: Date: Wed, 5 Mar 1997 13:47:47 -0400) Here's the latest issue of Current Cites, reposted from PACS-L _Current Cites_ Volume 8, no. 2 February 1997 The Library University of California, Berkeley Edited by Teri Andrews Rinne ISSN: 1060-2356 http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CurrentCites/1997/cc97.8.2.html Contributors: Campbell Crabtree, Terry Huwe, Margaret Phillips, David Rez, Richard Rinehart, Teri Rinne, Roy Tennant Electronic Publishing Arms, William Y., Christophe Blanchi, and Edward A. Overly. "An Architecture for Information in Digital Libraries" D-Lib Magazine (February 1997) (http://www.dlib.org/dlib/february97/cnri/02arms1.html) -- Although it may not seem like it at first, it is well worth trying to understand such terms as "key metadata," "structural metadata," "digital object," and "meta-object" that pepper this article. Arms and company describes a digital library architecture that is based on previous projects (at least one of which still exists as a production service) and work with the U.S. Library of Congress National Digital Library Program, which is digitizing content at a rapid pace. The architecture outlined here is an intriguing one, and it will be interesting to see the prototype system promised for early 1997. But while the article is long on detail in some areas (such as the use of "handles" to handle persistent naming), it is quite short on other details, like what metadata scheme they propose to use and in what container they will store it. But nonetheless, anyone building or thinking of building digital collections must be familiar with the work described in this paper. -- RT Ester, Michael. Digital Image Collections: Issues and Practice The Commission on Preservation & Access, December 1996. -- In this brief (36 pages) report, Ester distills a great deal of information and discussion of issues relating to creating, organizing, and managing digital image collections. Anyone faced with such a project would do well to spend $15 and learn a lot about what is involved, as well as being forewarned about a general lack of standards and rules of thumb related to digital imaging. Major sections include discussions of the original object and its reproduction, assessing image quality, color matching, integrating image and text information, building collections, reproduction rights, and user access. One disappointment is the lack of any substantive discussion of the metadata issue -- what information is kept about each image and how. Despite this minor point Ester has put together a quite useful document for those of us still laboring under the misconception that one needs only slap a photo on a scanner to start building a digital image collection. -- RT Kirriemuir, John. "The Professional Web-zine and Parallel Publishing" D-Lib Magazine (February 1997) (http://www.dlib.org/dlib/february97/ariadne/02kirriemuir.html) -- This article, and a related one by John McColl, describes the experiences of the editors of a magazine that is published in both print and Web versions. The freely available Web version has all the content of the print version, along with additional content not available in print. This article provides some history regarding the creation of this dual publishing model. Of particular note in this piece is the interesting and frank discussion about how to make it pay, from someone faced with making the transition from a grant-funded project to the cold fiscal realities of the real world. -- RT MacColl, John. "The Professional Magazine and Parallel Publishing" D-Lib Magazine (February 1997) (http://www.dlib.org/dlib/february97/02maccoll.html) -- In this companion piece to John Kirriemuir's article in the same issue of D-Lib Magazine, MacColl waxes more philosophic than his compatriot in looking at the issues behind the parallel publication of a journal in both print and Web versions. He contends that parallel publishing, at least for the type of professional literature of which Ariadne is a part, is likely to be a useful publication model for some time into the future. -- RT Multimedia and Hypermedia Sauer, Jeff. "New Tools Give QuickTime Muscle" New Media 7(1) (January 6, 1997):71-74. -- This is a bit of a hands-on article, and not very theoretical, but it should prove very useful to all those who made an investment in putting their digital video content into the QuickTime format, and now want to make that content available on the web without the expense of a server-side option for web-video. -- RR Networks and Networking Cortese, Amy. "A Way Out of the Web Maze" Businessweek (3515) (February 24, 1997):95-108. (http://www.businessweek.com/1997/08/b35151.htm). Special Report. -- Suddenly everyone is reporting on rapidly emerging "push" technologies, and Businessweek is no exception. The "push" technologies are, simply put, new services that learn what you want to receive via the Web and bring it to your desktop. Instead of struggling with links, URLs, and "no DNS entry" messages, push technologies do the searching for you. Corporate firms use push technologies (also known as "webcasting") to bring news and information to employee desktops. Both Microsoft and Netscape are working on products that would provide "channels" on a personal computer that would allow custom configurations and "productivity" services (such as spreadsheets or word processors) on demand. Push technology is estimated to grab up to one third of Internet advertising revenue by the year 2000. This article provides a handy overview of the key players (ranging from Berkeley Systems to Microsoft), as well as likely development trends. -- TH Guernsey, Lisa. "A Humanities Network Considers What Lies Beyond E-mail: Debate at H-NET Reflects Ideas of Two Men Who Run the Popular Project" Chronicle of Higher Education 43(20) (January 24, 1997): A23-A24. -- H-NET, which won the American Historical Association's award for contributions to the teaching of history, is a lively community of over 51,000 humanities scholars. This article charts its growth and future goals, which will increasingly involve Web applications. Until now, the network has largely been a series of email discussion lists. This is a relatively low-tech use of networked communications, but clearly of interest and value to the participants as a scholarly aid. The founders will retain a commitment to material that can be accessible with slower machines and access times, in recognition of the full range of technology available. -- TH Hof, Robert D. "Netspeed at Netscape" Businessweek (3513) (February 10, 1997):78-86 [http://www.businessweek.com/1997/06/b35131.htm]. -- This profile of working life at Netscape will be of interest to librarians who are watching the development of Internet culture for two reasons. First, it showcases the mindset and values (such as speed, speed, speed in development cycles) that have helped Netscape keep an edge on Microsoft. Second, it reveals how Netscape developers and marketers have combined an understanding of desktop ease-of-use with new ways handling "content." Fans of Tracy Kidder's The Soul of a New Machine will enjoy a peek at this one. -- TH Johnston, Leslie and Katherine Jones-Garmil. "So You Want to Build a Web Site" Museum News (Jan/Feb 1997):41-44 -- After you thought you'd seen all you needed of introductory articles on how to make web sites... this one is worth looking at. The authors cite URLs to back up each section, but more importantly they give a good overview of issues to consider when planning a website, including server options, access issues, etc. This is an up-to-date, concise, and well-considered introduction to being an information provider on the web. -- RR Wilson, David L. "Internet Managers are Poised to Change the System of On-line Address" Chronicle of Higher Education 43(22) (February 7, 1997):A25-A26. -- Corporate vanity is not the only reason that the Internet International Ad Hoc Committee is recommending the addition of new "top level domain names" for Internet addresses, but you can bet it has played a big role. "Internet domain names" (that's the part on the right side of the final period, such as ".edu" and ".com") are being assigned quickly and more capacity is needed; also, new top-level names will give firms another chance to grab a vanity address that's similar to their overall corporate identity. The final recommendations aren't done yet, but look for new domain names like "paramount.ent" that offer better top-level classification. The committee will recommend at least seven new choices, but the final recommendation may grow to 20. -- TH Wilson, David. L. "With 98 Colleges Taking Part, Internet II May Start within Six Months" Chronicle of Higher Education 43(22) (February 7, 1997):A25-A26. -- This article gives an interesting overview of the new, high-speed alternative to the current Internet, "Internet II." The new network will focus on the needs of research universities. This initiative, which originally sought a mere dozen participants, now has nearly 100 campus partners. A key element of the infrastructure of the new network will be known as "gigabit points of presence," or "gigapops." There may be as many as 50 gigapop locations (one per state) that will enable local traffic to move at speeds many times faster than is currently possible. Computer scientists forecast that the new system may be on-line in six months. -- TH Information Technology and Society Anderson, Kurt. "The Age of Unreason" The New Yorker 72(45) (February 3, 1997):40-43. -- Anderson explores the impact of the "culture" business, and dueling statistics in particular. He finds a growing reluctance on the part of intellectuals to accept the existence of indisputable facts; instead, facts are constantly disputed by parallel survey research, number crunching and counter-claims that are made against all viewpoints. He cites the Internet as a case study, because quasi-factual web sites that look reliable may in fact be riddled with half-baked reasoning. How do those in pursuit of critical thinking navigate through all the half truths? A growing dilemma. Anderson also analyzes the well-publicized claims about TWA Flight 800 that journalist Pierre Salinger obtained from the Internet. Although Anderson doesn't focus solely on Net culture, this article is interesting for those who watch the digital Zeitgeist. -- TH Druckery, Timothy, ed. Electronic Culture: Technology and Visual Representation New York: Aperture Publishers, 1996. -- Comprehensive and in-depth, this book contains essays by over 30 artists, information scientists, designers and academics on the cultural impact of extended visualization via computer imaging and networks in the fields of art, the sciences and history. The first articles start with an historical look at representation, then move through photographic and para-photographic imaging technology. The authors then consider theory and end by addressing media, identity and culture. It's a lot of slippery material to cover, but it's done well, and helpful to step back from the daily work and consider what we're doing. -- RR General Chepesiuk, Ron. "The Future is Here: America's Libraries Go Digital" American Libraries 27(1) (January 1997):47-49. -- In this brief overview article Chepesiuk identifies many of the higher-profile digital library projects that are trying to reinvent the future of libraries. He also describes some of the toughest issues such projects are trying to resolve, including preservation, copyright, and interoperability. Chepesiuk also acknowledges, as does probably everyone involved with such projects, that print materials and library collections of them will not be replaced by digital libraries. Included are addresses (URLs) for some important digital library projects and resources. -- RT Verity, John M. "Coaxing Meaning Out of Raw Data: How Software Can Now Find Patterns Never Seen Before" Businessweek (3512) (February 3, 1997):134-38 (http://www.businessweek.com/1997/05/b3512127.htm). -- This is a really interesting article that describes exactly what "data mining" and "data warehousing" are all about. Data mining refers to a class of software analysis tools that can parse very, very large datasets and find "meaningful" patterns. For example, we're talking combinations like US Census data, 10 years of product sales history in 50 states, every telephone call from millions of numbers, plus any number of other factors. Data warehousing systems analyze datasets in the trillions of bytes on ultra-fast servers, and can help managers pinpoint trends and inventory levels almost instantly. This approach is especially helpful at catching fraud like cell-phone theft, or strategic planning like customer-retention. But it also has big implications for qualitative information management of the sort that happens in libraries. Keep an eye on this trend in programming! -- TH _________________________________________________________________ Current Cites 8(2) (February 1997) ISSN: 1060-2356 Copyright (C) 1997 by the Library, University of California, Berkeley. _All rights reserved._ All product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Mention of a product in this publication does not necessarily imply endorsement of the product. [URL:http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CurrentCites/] To subscribe, send the message "sub cites [your name]" to listserv@library.berkeley.edu, r eplacing "[your name]" with your name. Copying is permitted for noncommercial use by computerized bulletin board/conference systems, individual scholars, and libraries. Libraries are authorized to add the journal to their collections at no cost. An archive site is maintained at ftp.lib.berkeley.edu in directory /pub/Current.Cites [URL: ftp://ftp.lib.berkeley.edu/pub/Current.Cites]. This message must appear on copied material. All commercial use requires permission from the editor, who may be reached in the following ways: trinne@library.berkeley.edu // (510)642-8173 ************************************************************************************** 13. International Journal on Digital Libraries (posted: Date: Tue, 11 Mar 1997 10:49:05 -0500) Announcement and Call for Papers New Journal: International Journal on Digital Libraries Editors-in-Chief: Nabil R. Adam Yelena Yesha Rutgers University CIMIC UMBC/NASA CESDIS Newark, NJ 07102 Baltimore, MD 21228 adam@adam.rutgers.edu yeyesha@cs.umbc.edu (201) 648-5239 (410) 455-3542 The aim of the journal is to advance the theory and practice of acquisition, definition, organization, management and dissemination of digital information via global networking. In particular, the journal will emphasize technical issues in digital information, production, management and use, issue in high-speed networks and connectivity, inter-operability, and seamless integration of information, people, profiles, tasks and needs, security and privacy of individuals and business transactions and effective business processes in the Information Age. The journal seeks high quality research papers that present original theoretical results, algorithms, or approaches, as well as empirical and experimental studies related to the following areas: * Agent technology for information filtering; location and dissemination; targeted information delivery systems; personal information delivery and filtering; discovery of new information and sources of new information. * Acquisition of digital information; authoring environments for digital objects; digitization of traditional content. * Security and privacy, digital timestamping, digital signatures, digital watermarks, notarization and authentication systems. * Information organization, storage and management, archival of information, subscription management and issues in recency of information. * Interoperability of different digital objects, multimodal presentations, cross-platform interoperability. * Information navigation, intelligent surfing and browsing, automatic browsing index creation, resource discovery, through opinion indexing, search by content, semantic searching, smart indexing and search technology. * User interface for digital objects, design of user interfaces for universal access, multimedia user interfaces, interface for handicapped users, adaptive user interfaces. * Electronic commerce, virtual banking, electronic financial transactions. * Economics of Digital Libraries, intellectual property issues, billing systems, universal access and tariffs. An electronic edition is in preparation. Instructions for authors are available from: DOEBL@SPRINGER.DE For subscription info and sample copies contact Springer-Verlag; Heidelberger Platz 3; D-14197 Berlin, Germany; subscriptions@springer.de ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ************************************************************ Kornelia Junge Phone: +49 30 82787 321 Marketing Manager Journals Fax: +49 30 82787 334 Springer-Verlag e-mail: junge@springer.de Heidelberger Platz 3 D-14197 Berlin ************************************************************************************** 14. JoDI (posted: Date: Sun, 16 Mar 1997 14:07:33 +0000) Journal of Digital Information -- Call for Submissions ====================================================== The Journal of Digital Information, JoDI, is an electronic journal (with no paper equivalent form) intended to serve the community of workers in the multidisciplinary field of digital information. The journal aims to be the primary electronic source for high quality refereed articles. The journal will also provide support for the online discussion of articles, a process as vital to the community as the formal publication process itself. The formal launch of JoDI will be at Hypertext '97, the 8th ACM Hypertext conference to be held at Southampton University from 6-11 April 1997. The journal invites submissions on a wide variety of topics, for example: digital libraries hypermedia systems intelligent agents information management interfaces to digital information social consequences of digital information digital information design ..and related topics. Furthermore, submission of electronic documents which could not exist in paper form (e.g., containing sound, animation, hypermedia links) is encouraged. Articles can be submitted in most electronic formats. However, since the journal will be made available over the World Wide Web, articles already in this format will require less modification prior to publication. Access to JoDI will be free at least until December 1998. There is a once-only registration process before articles can be accessed in order to help in monitoring usage and developing pricing models. JoDI will also contain abstracts, book reviews and lab reports which do not require reader registration. For details on how to submit articles to JoDI, please refer to the JoDI web site at http://jodi.ecs.soton.ac.uk/ JoDI ************************************************************* Journal of Digital Information, a new electronic journal supported by the British Computer Society and Oxford University Press, hosted at the University of Southampton Multimedia Group and mirrored at the Center for the Study of Digital Libraries, Texas A&M University. ****************************************************************************** END _______________________________ This document may be circulated freely with the following statement included in its entirety: This article was originally published in _LIBRES: Library and Information Science Electronic Journal_ (ISSN 1058-6768) March, 1997 Volume 7 Issue 1. For any commercial use, or publication (including electronic journals), you must obtain the permission of the Editor-in-Chief: Kerry Smith Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia E-mail: kerry@biblio.curtin.edu.au ------ To subscribe to LIBRES send e-mail message to listproc@info.curtin.edu.au with the text: subscribe libres _ ________________________________________ ------------------------------ Cut here ------------------------------